![]() ![]() of or pertaining to the alternation of single and double bonds in organic compounds 4. related to each other by the difference of a proton: said of acids and bases b. Why does this matter, you may ask? Because some day, I have a hunch that you might be asked whether the following rings are conjugated or not, and you might need to come up with a good answer…. conjugate in American English (kndgt also, and for v. ![]() In each of these we can draw resonance forms where the middle atom participates in a π bond. This implies that the electrons are being shared (“delocalized”) between this central atom and the alkenes on the side, and thus the whole system is ‘conjugated’. A carbon with a half-filled p orbital (e.g.Consider what happens when we multiply a complex number by its complex conjugate. A carbon (or other atom) with an empty p orbital (e.g. The complex conjugate has a very special property.The only requirement is that we require an atom in between which can participate in resonance. The thing is, we can also have alkenes which are conjugated with each other even through they are not directly attached. Here’s an example of a conjugated diene and a non-conjugated dienes. A full discussion of conjugation is for another time, but “conjugation” is the name we give for the phenomenon where π electrons (that is, “electrons in p orbitals”) can be shared over more than 3 or more atoms. ![]() One way in which this comes up is in determining whether two alkenes are “conjugated” or not. The simple definition of 'to conjugate' is, 'To put a verb into all of its forms.' ( and also to make each form agree with its subject. Atoms with lone pairs, π bonds, radicals, and carbocations can participate in resonance: atoms that lack any of these features cannot. If Org 2 has an overall theme, it’s “resonance”.
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